| 陶禹,李雪峰,张竹青,张清壮,李鑫.土壤灭菌方式对不同深度土壤养分和微生物群落结构的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(3):575-584. |
| 土壤灭菌方式对不同深度土壤养分和微生物群落结构的影响 |
| Effects of soil disinfestation methods on nutrients and microbial community structure in different soil depths |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-03 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0641 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤深度 土壤强还原 群落分析 功能预测 |
| 英文关键词: soil depth reduction soil disinfestation community analysis functional prediction |
| 基金项目:湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ5313);湖南省科技成果转化及产业化计划项目(2020NK2005);长沙市科技计划项目(kq2004041) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 土壤强还原灭菌技术（Reductive soil disinfestation，RSD）是一种缓解连作障碍的有效手段，目前关于它对土壤微生物群落结构与活性影响的研究很多，但对于不同RSD处理下，不同深度土壤微生物群落结构的差异及其与环境因子的联系关注很少。为在一定程度上说明RSD改良缓解连作障碍的基本原理，并为后续研究人员采用微生物手段改良土壤质量、防治土壤连作障碍提供研究基础，本研究通过土壤理化性质检测和高通量测序技术比较了不同土壤灭菌方式对土壤养分和微生物群落的影响。结果表明：RSD处理能有效提高土壤中全氮、全钾和全磷含量，并促进有效磷、速效钾等土壤速效养分在土壤中的转化积累。同时，根据群落与环境因子关联分析，发现土壤深度、全氮、有效磷和交换态镁等环境因子共同驱动了Chloroflexi、Actinobacteria、Ascomycota、Basidiomycota、Mortierellomycota等菌门丰度变化，其中土壤深度差异是造成微生物群落结构差异的最主要原因。群落功能预测表明，RSD能有效提高浅层土壤中细菌的碳水化合物代谢、萜类与多酮类化合物代谢等功能丰度，并促进深层土壤中土壤腐生真菌、木质腐生真菌和枯落物腐生真菌的定殖。综上所述，RSD能有效提高土壤养分积累并驱动微生物群落结构与功能变化，有利于农田土壤地力提升与生态可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD) is an effective technology for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles. Currently,there are many studies on the influence of RSD on the structure and activity of soil microbial communities. However,the effects of soil depth on soil microbial community structure and its connection to environmental factors under different RSD treatments have not been effectively investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the basic principles of RSD treatments to alleviate continuous cropping challenges,provide a basis for further research to improve soil quality,and prevent soil continuous cropping challenges by using molecular biotechnologies. This study compared the effects of different soil sterilization methods on soil nutrients and microbial communities through testing of soil physicochemical properties and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that RSD treatments increased the nitrogen,potassium, and phosphorus contents in the soil,and promoted the transformation and accumulation of soil available nutrients such as available potassium and phosphorus. Meanwhile,association analysis revealed that soil physicochemical properties such as soil depth,total nitrogen, available phosphorus,and exchangeable magnesium combined to effect changes in the abundance of the phyla Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria,Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Mortierellomycota,among others. According to the association analysis of community and soil physicochemical properties,the soil depth was the primary factor influencing soil microbial community structure. Community function prediction indicated that RSD could effectively improve the bacterial abundance in shallow soils through improvement in metabolic activities such as carbohydrate;and promote colonization of soil saprophytic fungi,woody saprophytic fungi,and litter saprophytic fungi in deep soils. In summary,RSD treatments could effectively increase soil nutrients and change the structure and function of the microbial community by improving soil fertility and sustainable ecological development. |
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