| 邵佳,赵远来,冯琰玉,潘洋,于金珠,秦华,陈俊辉.生物质炭对长期铅镉复合污染土壤微生物群落丰度及活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(1):66-74. |
| 生物质炭对长期铅镉复合污染土壤微生物群落丰度及活性的影响 |
| Effects of biochar on microbial community abundance and activity in long-term Pb and Cd contaminated soils |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0478 |
| 中文关键词: 重金属污染 磷脂脂肪酸 生物质炭 土壤呼吸 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metal pollution phospholipid fatty acids biochar soil respiration |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41977083）；浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2020YQ004）；浙江农林大学学生科研训练项目（2020KX0050） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1094 |
| 全文下载次数: 1356 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 采集3种不同程度（低、中、高）铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）长期复合污染农田土壤进行90 d盆栽试验，研究了2% 和4%（炭/土质量比）生物质炭施用对土壤养分、重金属含量、土壤微生物丰度和活性的影响，旨在探明生物质炭对长期重金属污染抑制土壤微生物活性的缓解作用。结果表明：相比低水平铅镉污染土壤，长期中、高水平铅镉污染显著降低了土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）总量（降幅分别为14% 和24%）、革兰氏阴性细菌数量（34% 和47%）和真菌数量（56% 和57%），提高了细菌胁迫指数（增幅分别为178% 和163%）和土壤基础呼吸（51% 和73%），且微生物活性受重金属抑制作用随污染程度提高而加剧；相反，生物质炭添加使3种污染土壤可提取态铅和镉的含量分别降低了65%~71% 和28%~52%，显著提高了土壤革兰氏阳性（平均14%）和阴性细菌（30%）、真菌数量（32%）、脱氢酶活性（426%）和底物诱导呼吸速率（99%），降低了细菌胁迫指数（20%）。铅镉污染和生物质炭处理均改变了土壤微生物群落结构，且两者具有显著的交互效应。冗余分析表明，土壤铅、镉总量和可提取态含量是影响土壤微生物群落结构变异的主导因素。可提取态铅和镉的含量与微生物丰度呈显著负相关，而土壤pH、有机碳和全氮含量与微生物丰度呈显著正相关。研究表明，生物质炭施用可减轻重金属污染对土壤微生物活性的胁迫作用，促进微生物生长及其潜在的养分周转功能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A pot experiment was performed to investigate whether biochar amendment could alleviate the inhibiting effect of long-term Pb and Cd contamination on microbial activity. Soil samples were collected from a field that have been subjected to low, moderate, and high levels of contamination, and were amended with biochar at ratios of 0, 2%, and 4%(biochar/soil weight). Changes in soil properties, heavy metal contents, microbial community abundance, and activity were investigated after 90 days. The results showed that, compared with the low-level pollution, long-term moderate- and high-level heavy metal pollution significantly decreased the total microbial biomass(by 14% and 24%, respectively), gram-negative bacteria(by 34% and 47%), and fungi abundance(by 56% and 57%)as indicated by phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)analysis, and enhanced the soil basal respiration(by 51% and 73%)and the stress index of bacteria to pollution(by 178% and 163%). In contrast, biochar addition significantly decreased extractable Pb and Cd contents of the soil, by 65%~71% and 28%~52%, and increased the abundances of gram-positive(by 14% on average)and gram-negative bacteria(by 30%)and fungi(by 32%), as well as the activity of dehydrogenase(by 426%). Biochar addition also decreased the stress of bacteria by 20% in response to pollution but increased the soil substrate-induced respiration(by 99%). Heavy metal pollution, biochar, and their interaction significantly affected the microbial community structure of soil. Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that total and extractable Pb and Cd contents of soil were key factors driving community structure shifts. Correlation analysis suggested that the increased microbial PLFAs exhibited significantly negative correlations with the extractable Pb and Cd contents, but positive correlations with soil pH, organic carbon, and total nitrogen. Therefore, biochar amendment can alleviate the inhibiting effect of long-term Pb and Cd contamination on microbial activity and may potentially stimulate soil nutrient cycling. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
