文章摘要
张家乐,赵龙,郭军康,侯红,林祥龙,王巍然,刘玲玲.不同环数多环芳烃对土壤白符跳(Folsomia candida)的毒性差异[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(12):2638-2646.
不同环数多环芳烃对土壤白符跳(Folsomia candida)的毒性差异
Toxicity differences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to soil-dwelling springtail(Folsomia candida)
投稿时间:2021-03-14  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2021-0307
中文关键词: 多环芳烃  毒性差异  白符跳  土壤类型  生态毒性
英文关键词: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  toxicity difference  Folsomia candida  soil type  ecotoxicity
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804603)
作者单位E-mail
张家乐 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 西安 710000 
 
赵龙 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 zhaolong1227@126.com 
郭军康 陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 西安 710000 junkangguo@sust.edu.cn 
侯红 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
林祥龙 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
王巍然 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 山西 太谷 030801 
 
刘玲玲 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012  
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中文摘要:
      为了解不同环数多环芳烃(PAHs)对无脊椎动物的毒性效应以及对比不同类型土壤中PAHs毒性差异,通过滤纸接触实验、土壤和食物暴露实验,对比分析了三环、四环和五环3种多环芳烃菲(Phe)、芘(Pyr)、苯并芘(BaP)对模式生物白符跳(Folsomia candida)的急性、慢性毒性效应及差异。研究结果表明:滤纸实验中跳虫在不同浓度Phe和Pyr溶液浸透的滤纸上暴露3 d和7 d后死亡现象均比BaP明显。土壤暴露实验中Phe在江西红壤(以下简称红壤)和黑龙江黑土(以下简称黑土)土壤中对跳虫生存和繁殖的影响均大于BaP。基于可提取PAHs实测值推导的繁殖率的EC50(半数效应浓度),Phe在红壤和黑土中的毒性阈值分别是BaP的5倍和10倍; Pyr在红壤和黑土中的毒性阈值均为BaP的10倍。食物暴露实验中Phe、Pyr和BaP处理下跳虫成虫均无明显死亡,Phe、Pyr对跳虫繁殖的28 d-EC50分别为278 mg·kg-1(186~336 mg·kg-1)和363 mg·kg-1(298~427 mg·kg-1)。以上结果表明,Phe、Pyr会对跳虫的生存和繁殖产生较大影响,而BaP相对Phe和Pyr,对跳虫的影响较小。受试暴露浓度下,不同类型土壤中PAHs对跳虫的毒性大小具有显著差异,红壤中PAHs对跳虫的生态毒性和黑土相比最大差别超过3倍,表明不同理化性质对PAHs生态毒性具有显著影响,因此在后续评估PAHs生态毒性效应时要充分考虑土壤理化性质对其毒性的影响。
英文摘要:
      This study sought to understand the extent and way in which the ring number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) impacted their toxicity to invertebrates and compare these varying toxicities in different soil types. In this context, filter paper contact exposure experiments were carried out along with soil and food evaluation to analyze and compare the acute and chronic toxicities of three PAHs (i.e., phenanthrene[Phe], pyrene[Pyr], and benzopyrene[BaP]) to a model organism(i.e., Folsomia candida). The results of the filter paper experiments showed that following exposure to different concentrations of Phe and Pyr for 3 and 7 d, Phe and Pyr solution-soaked filter papers showed a clearer death phenomenon in the springtails than BaP-soaked filter paper. In the soil exposure experiments, the impact of Phe on the survival and reproduction of springtail in soil Jiangxi red soil(red soil) and Heilongjiang black soil(black soil) was greater than that of BaP. Based on the reproduction rate and half effective concentration(EC50) derived from the measured values of extractable PAHs, the toxicity thresholds of Phe in red and black soils were 5 and 10 times higher than that of BaP, respectively. The toxicity threshold of Pyr in red and black soils was 10 times higher than that of BaP. In the food exposure experiments, all three PAHs treatments of springtail adults did not cause apparent death. The 28 d EC50 values for springtail reproduction were 278 mg·kg-11(186~336 mg·kg-1) for Phe and 363 mg·kg-11(298~427 mg·kg-1) for Pyr. These results indicate that Phe and Pyr are more toxic to springtail in terms of survival and reproduction, whereas BaP has a relatively lower toxicity. Based on the testing exposure concentrations, PAHs in various soil types significantly differ in terms of their toxicity to springtails. The toxicity of PAHs to springtails in red soil is three-fold higher than that in black soil, which demonstrates that physicochemical properties have a substantial influence on the ecological toxicity of PAHs. Therefore, the influence of the physico-chemical properties should be given due consideration when evaluating the toxicity of PAHs in the future.
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