| 程粟裕,朱长俊,李昕钰,董宁,周金蓉,蒋静艳.稻田土壤CH4排放及其关联微生物功能基因丰度对磺胺二甲嘧啶和铜污染的响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2246-2256. |
| 稻田土壤CH4排放及其关联微生物功能基因丰度对磺胺二甲嘧啶和铜污染的响应 |
| Response of methane emission and the related microbial abundance to sulfamethazine and copper in paddy soils |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-23 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0212 |
| 中文关键词: 铜（Cu） 磺胺二甲嘧啶（SMZ） 猪粪 稻田土壤 CH4排放 功能基因 |
| 英文关键词: copper (Cu) sulfamethazine (SMZ) pig manure paddy field CH4 emissions functional gene |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41675148） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1053 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究畜禽粪便中磺胺类兽用抗生素磺胺二甲嘧啶（Sulfamethazine，SMZ）和典型重金属铜（Copper，Cu）复合污染对稻田土壤CH4排放及其微生物相关功能基因丰度的影响，以猪粪为肥源，设置无污染、低、中、高4种SMZ和Cu不同污染水平的浓度，SMZ分别为0、0.1、1、5 mg·kg-1，Cu分别为0、100、500、1 500 mg·kg-1，两两组合共计16个处理，通过长时间室内模拟淹水培养实验，定期测定CH4排放速率和相关土壤功能基因丰度，以期探索SMZ和Cu单一及复合污染影响CH4排放和相关功能基因丰度的浓度效应及影响时长。结果表明：培养前期（0~12 d），不同浓度的SMZ和Cu未显著影响CH4排放速率（P>0.05）；培养中后期（13~71 d），单一低浓度SMZ（0.1 mg·kg-1）处理对CH4排放具有促进作用，高浓度SMZ（≥1 mg·kg-1）则反之，单一Cu污染及与不同浓度的SMZ复合污染处理均显著降低了CH4排放速率（P<0.05）。与对照（SMZ和Cu零添加）相比，除单一低浓度SMZ（0.1 mg·kg-1）处理的CH4累积排放量增加了19.7%外，其他处理均显著降低了CH4排放，尤其Cu和SMZ（≥1 mg·kg-1）复合污染处理显著降低了约77%（P<0.05）。SMZ单一污染对16S rRNA-CH4、mcrA和pmoA的基因丰度均有明显的浓度效应和输入时间效应，Cu单一污染则未有明显的浓度和时间效应，两者复合污染的联合作用比较复杂，主要取决于两污染物的起始浓度及SMZ输入土壤的时间。无论SMZ和Cu单一还是复合污染，中高浓度在培养的后期对三大基因丰度的影响均以降低为主，且pmoA基因丰度对Cu和SMZ单一及复合污染响应更敏感。研究表明，SMZ和Cu在一定程度上会降低稻田土壤CH4排放及相关微生物基因丰度，有利于温室气体减排，但规模化养殖业畜禽粪便还田后导致抗生素和重金属高残留的环境风险仍不可忽视。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The production of greenhouse gases, such as methane is of increasing concern with respect to climate change. Methanogenesis has been tied to certain functional genes in the microorganisms that produce methane through anaerobic processes(methanogens). This study investigated the impacts of the singly or combined pollution of sulfamethazine(SMZ) and copper(Cu) upon the relative abundance of functional genes of methanogens in livestock manure and their resultant methane production. A long-term incubation experiment was simulated using manure as a source of fertilizer on flooded soils. Selected concentrations of SMZ(0, 0.1, 1 mg·kg-1, and 5 mg·kg-1) and Cu (0, 100, 500 mg·kg-1, and 1 500 mg·kg-1) were added to the soil-manure mixture in paired combinations. The study incorporated sixteen treatments, including a control(Cu0+SMZ0), and fifteen different paired concentrations levels of Cu and SMZ treatments(Cu0+SMZ0.1, Cu0+SMZ1, Cu0+SMZ5, Cu100+SMZ0, Cu100+SMZ0.1, Cu100+SMZ1, Cu100+SMZ5, Cu500+SMZ0, Cu500+SMZ0.1, Cu500+SMZ1, Cu500+SMZ5, Cu1500+SMZ0, Cu1500+SMZ0.1, Cu1500+SMZ1 and Cu1500+SMZ5). CH4 emission rates and related microorganism functional gene abundance were tested at regular intervals of incubation and analyzed for exploring the dose and tolerance effects of single and combined treatments of SMZ and Cu on CH4 emissions and the related microorganism gene abundance. Study results showed that during the early stages of incubation(0~12 d), different concentration treatments of SMZ and Cu had no significant effect on CH4 emission (P>0.05). In the middle and late stages of incubation(13~71 d), the addition of a low concentration of only SMZ(Cu0+SMZ0.1) in the soil promoted CH4 emissions, while a high concentration of SMZ(≥ 1 mg·kg-1) had an inhibitory effect. Both single treatments of high-moderate concentrations of Cu and combined treatments of Cu and SMZ significantly reduced the CH4 emission rate(P<0.05). In comparison with the control, the Cu0 + SMZ0.1 treatment increased cumulative CH4 emissions by 19.7%. All other treatments significantly reduced CH4 emissions(P<0.05), specifically the combined treatments of Cu and SMZ, which decreased CH4 emissions by approximately 77%. Single treatment by SMZ had dose- and time-dependent effects on the abundance of the 16S rRNA-CH4, mcrA, and pmoA genes. However, single treatments of Cu had no dose-or time-dependent effects. Moreover, results of the interaction between SMZ and Cu were complex, and primarily dependent upon the initial dose and application duration of SMZ. In the middle and late stage, application of middle or high concentrations of Cu, either singly or combined with SMZ at concentrations ≥ 1 mg·kg-1, significantly reduced the relative abundance of the above-mentioned genes(P<0.05). Abundance of the pmoA gene was more sensitive to the single and combined treatments by Cu and SMZ than the 16S rRNA-CH4 and mcrA genes. The joint application of sulfamethazine and copper can reduce CH4 emissions and the relative abundance of the microorganism genes in paddy soil. This is beneficial to greenhouse gas emission mitigation. However, the environmental risk of high concentrations of residual antibiotics and heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure should not be ignored. |
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