| 梅新兰,郑海平,李水仙,杨天杰,江高飞,韦中,徐阳春,沈其荣.降解水稻秸秆细菌-真菌复合菌系的构建与评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2217-2225. |
| 降解水稻秸秆细菌-真菌复合菌系的构建与评价 |
| Construction and evaluation of bacterial-fungal consortia for rice straw degradation |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-14 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0051 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻秸秆 降解率 细菌-真菌复合菌系 纤维素酶 酶活 构建策略 多样性效应 |
| 英文关键词: rice straw degradation rate bacterial-fungal consortia cellulase enzyme activity construction strategy diversity effect |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800203）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20180527，BK20190518，BK20200533） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1792 |
| 全文下载次数: 1964 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选构建高效降解水稻秸秆的细菌-真菌复合菌系，通过分离筛选、纯化鉴定具备降解水稻秸秆能力的细菌和真菌，选择出降解效率较高的细菌和真菌各两株用于复配。通过全组合将4株菌复配成多样性为1~4的15种复合菌系，采用水稻秸秆降解试验评估复合菌系的降解效果和3种纤维素降解酶的活性，利用线性拟合和多元回归解析复合菌系产酶活力与其降解秸秆能力之间的关系。从腐解的水稻秸秆中筛选获得降解细菌和真菌各4株，其中以细菌分离株雷氏普罗威登斯菌BB18、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌JB7和真菌分离株草酸青霉ZA、烟曲霉ZL的秸秆降解能力和产滤纸酶活力较高。将该4株降解效果较高的菌株进行全组合复配，发现复合菌系对水稻秸秆的降解率以及产滤纸酶、纤维素内切酶和木聚糖酶的活性均随菌株多样性的增加而显著提高，且以4株菌株组合的复合菌系BF1对水稻秸秆的降解效果最好，较单菌平均提高了1.6倍，酶活力增加了1~3倍。相关分析结果表明，复合菌系降解水稻秸秆的能力与3种酶的活力呈显著正相关，其中纤维素内切酶和木聚糖酶对复合菌系降解能力的贡献最大。细菌-真菌复合菌系的降解效果与产酶能力具有明显的多样性效应，维生素内切酶和木聚糖酶是驱动细菌-真菌复合菌系高效降解秸秆的关键因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to screen and construct a bacterial-fungal consortium that has highly efficient at degrading rice straw. Strawdegrading bacteria and fungi were isolated from the degraded rice straw. Two species each of bacteria and fungi were selected to create the microbial consortia based on the degradation rate. Full combinations of these four straw-degrading microbes, once isolated, were used to construct 15 consortia of one to four species. The degradation rate of the rice straw and the activity of FPase, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), and xylanase were examined to evaluate the degradation ability of the microbial consortia. Linear and multiple regression analyses were then performed to investigate the relationships between microbial consortia and their cellulase activity. A total eight strawdegrading microbes, including four bacteria and four fungi, were isolated from the surface of the rice straw. Among them, Providencia rettgeri BB18, Lysinibacillus sphaericus JB7, Aspergillus fumigatus ZL, and Penicillium oxalicum ZA demonstrated high degradation rate and FPase activity. The results showed that the degradation rate and activities of FPase, CMCase, and xylanase increased with species richness of the microbial consortia. The bacterial-fungal consortium BF1 exhibited the best straw degradation ability; for this group, compared to single microbes, degradation rate increased by 1.6 times and total cellulase activity increased by 1~3 times. Linear regression analysis revealed that the degradation rate of microbial consortia was positively correlated with cellulase activity. CMCase and xylanase were identified as the major contributors to straw degradation by microbial consortia. This study revealed a clear effect of microbial diversity on the ability of bacterial-fungal consortia to degrade rice straw and the cellulase activity of the former. CMCase and xylanase drove the ability of the consortia to degrade the rice straw. |
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