| 王志超,杨建林,杨帆,李卫平,杨文焕.春季乌梁素海水体微塑料分布特征及影响因素[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2189-2197. |
| 春季乌梁素海水体微塑料分布特征及影响因素 |
| Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of microplastics in Lake Ulansuhai during the spring |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0454 |
| 中文关键词: 微塑料 乌梁素海 分布规律 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: microplastics Lake Ulansuhai regularities of distribution influencing factor |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42007119）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2019BS05004，2020MS02017）；内蒙古科技大学创新基金项目（2019QDL-B42） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究春季乌梁素海水体中微塑料的空间分布特征及其影响因素，通过分层取样、显微镜观察、傅里叶红外光谱测定等方法，对春季乌梁素海水体中微塑料的丰度、颜色、形状和种类进行鉴定，并结合当地环境分析不同季节微塑料分布差异的影响因素。结果表明：春季乌梁素海表层水体微塑料丰度为4.8~19.0个·L-1，中层水体微塑料丰度为4.6~16.3个·L-1，表层微塑料的平均丰度约为中层的1.4倍。表层水中微塑料的形状以纤维（46.6%）为主，中层则以碎片（53.2%）为主，微塑料主要类型为聚乙烯（PE）、聚苯乙烯（PS）和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PET），其中表层水中PE和PS普遍高于中层水，而PET在中层水中丰度较高。乌梁素海水体中微塑料在湖水结冰前和冰盖融化后丰度差异较大且呈现相反的分布模式。研究表明，微塑料在水中垂直分布所受到的影响因素复杂，微塑料的密度是影响其沉降的主要原因，但微塑料的形状、大小和生物作用等会使其密度发生改变，进而影响其沉降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study identified the abundance, color, shape, and species of microplastics in different horizontal and vertical directions during the spring by stratified sampling, microscopic observations, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the analysis of influencing factors of the microplastics distribution discrepancy in different seasons combined with the local environment, in order to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of microplastics in Lake Ulansuhai during spring. The results showed different microplastics abundances in Lake Ulansuhai before and after the ice-sealing period, representing an opposite distribution pattern. The abundance of microplastics was 4.8~19.0 n·L-1 and 4.6~16.3 n·L-1 in the surface and the middle water layer of Lake Ulansuhai during spring. The average abundance of microplastics in the surface layer was approximately 1.4 times higher than that in the middle layer. The microplastics in the surface water were mainly fiber-shaped(46.6%), while in the middle layer mainly debris-shaped(53.2%). The main microplastic components were polyethylene(PE), polystyrene(PS), and polybutylene terephthalate(PET), with generally higher PE and PS content in the surface water than in the middle water layer, while the PET was more lavish in the middle water layer. The vertical distribution of microplastics in the water was affected by complex factors and the density of the microplastics was the main reason that affected the settlement rate. The shape and size of the microplastics, just as well as their biological effect would also change their density, thereby affecting their sedimentation. |
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