| 付娆,尚博,张国友,冯兆忠.不同生育期臭氧熏蒸对水稻光合作用及生长的影响差异[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2066-2075. |
| 不同生育期臭氧熏蒸对水稻光合作用及生长的影响差异 |
| Differential effects of ozone pollution on photosynthesis and growth of rice during two growth stages |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-01 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0139 |
| 中文关键词: 臭氧 水稻 光合特性 不同生育期 |
| 英文关键词: ozone rice photosynthetic characteristics different growing stages |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42077209，42130714，M-0105）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（KYCX21-0977） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 已有大量研究探究臭氧（O3）对水稻生长的不利影响，但O3对不同生育期水稻的影响是否相同尚不清楚。本研究利用开顶式气室，设置两个O3处理（CF：过滤大气；NF40：环境大气+40 nmol·mol-1 O3），在水稻生长的不同生育期（分蘖拔节期和抽穗灌浆期）对两种盆栽水稻（汕优63和武育粳3号）进行O3熏蒸试验。共设置3种试验处理：水稻全生育期处于CF处理（CF）；分蘖拔节期O3熏蒸，其他生育期处于CF （O3-1）；抽穗灌浆期O3熏蒸，其他生育期处于CF （O3-2），其中O3-1和O3-2处理的O3剂量AOT40值（试验期间小时O3浓度超过40 nmol·mol-1的累计值）相近，分别为（9.54±0.41） μmol·mol-1·h和（9.61±0.23）μmol·mol-1·h。通过测定水稻的生长及光合指标，探究O3对水稻不同生育期的影响差异。结果表明，相对于CF处理，两个水稻品种在O3-2处理下降幅更大，最大羧化速率（Vcmax）和PSⅡ反应中心激发能捕获效率（F'v/F'm）的平均值显著下降43.2%和10.8%，汕优63在O3-2处理下的饱和光合速率（Asat）、气孔导度（Gs）和最大电子传递速率（Jmax）分别显著下降44.3%、55.2%和51.8%，武育粳3号的PSⅡ实际光化学量子效率（PhiPS2）显著下降25.8%，但不同处理下两个品种水稻的比叶重、叶绿素含量和氮浓度差异未达到显著水平，所有指标均显示不同O3处理与品种间未达到显著的交互作用。由此可见，O3对水稻的抽穗灌浆期影响更大，且对两个水稻品种的影响相似。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Numerous studies have explored the adverse effects of ozone(O3) on rice growth, but it is unclear whether O3 has the same effect during different growth stages of rice. This study was conducted in open top chambers, using two O3 treatments(CF:charcoal-filtered air; NF40:ambient air+40 nmol·mol-1 O3). The O3 fumigation treatments were conducted using two rice cultivars(Hybrid rice Shanyou 63 and Japonica rice Wuyujing 3) at two growth stages(tiller and jointing stage, and heading and grain filling stage). A total of three experimental treatments were conducted:The entire growth period of rice under the CF treatment(CF); O3 fumigation at the tiller and jointing stage with the other growth stage under the CF treatment(O3-1), O3 fumigation at the heading and grain filling stage with the other growth stage under the CF treatment(O3-2). The AOT40(accumulative value of hourly O3 concentration over 40 nmol·mol-1 during the experiment) of the O3-1 and O3-2 treatments were(9.54 ±0.41)μmol·mol-1·h and(9.61 ±0.23)μmol·mol-1·h, respectively. By measuring the growth and photosynthetic variables, the effects of O3 were explored during the two growth stages. The results showed that relative to the CF treatment, the O3-2 treatment produced a significantly reduced average maximum carboxylation rate(Vcmax) and excitation energy capture efficiency in the PSⅡ reaction center(F' v/F' m) by 43.2% and 10.8% across the two cultivars, respectively. The saturated photosynthetic rate(Asat), stomatal conductance(Gs), and maximum electron transfer rate(Jmax) decreased by 44.3%, 55.2%, and 51.8% in cultivar Shanyou 63, respectively, and quantum yield of PS Ⅱ in the light(PhiPS2) decreased by 25.8% in cultivar Wuyujing 3. There were no significant differences in leaf mass per area, chlorophyll content, or leaf nitrogen content under the different O3 treatments. No significant interaction between different O3 treatments and cultivars occurred for any of the variables. Thus, the effect of O3 on rice was greater during the heading and filling stage, and the effect of O3 on the two rice cultivars was similar. |
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