| 黄子晏,杜士林,张亚辉,张瑾,孟睿,何连生.嘉兴河网大型底栖动物与氮磷、重金属的相关分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(8):1787-1798. |
| 嘉兴河网大型底栖动物与氮磷、重金属的相关分析 |
| Analysis of the relationship between the distribution of the macrozoobenthos community and nitrogen-phosphorus factors and heavy metals in the Jiaxing river network |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0506 |
| 中文关键词: 嘉兴河网 底栖动物 氮 磷 重金属污染 |
| 英文关键词: Jiaxing urban river network macrobenthos nitrogen phosphorus heavy metal pollution |
| 基金项目:平原河网水质改善与生态修复成套技术综合示范课题（2017ZX07206-003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究嘉兴河网水体和表层沉积物氮磷及重金属分布特征及其与大型底栖动物的响应关系，2019年3月（平水期）及7月（丰水期）对嘉兴河网的大型底栖动物与表层水和沉积物进行调查，分析了大型底栖动物与表层水、沉积物、间隙水中氮磷及重金属（Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As）之间的关系。结果表明：两个水期共检测出18种底栖动物，隶属3门5纲14科，其中环节动物9种、软体动物6种、节肢动物3种，铜锈环棱螺与霍甫水丝蚓为广泛分布物种。通过冗余分析（RDA）可得，表层水总磷[TP（S）]、表层水总氮[TN（S）]和间隙水总磷[TP（J）]是导致底栖动物空间分布和群落结构化差异的主要影响因素。将种群密度和生物多样性指数与氮磷及重金属含量进行相关性分析，Pielou均匀度指数（J）在平水期与TN（J）呈显著正相关，在丰水期与TN（S）呈显著正相关；寡毛类密度与水体中Hg呈正相关；软体动物密度与水体中Pb呈显著正相关，而与沉积物中Ni、Pb呈显著正相关；ShannonWiener多样性指数（H'）、Pielou均匀度指数（J）和Margalef丰富度指数（d）与沉积物中重金属含量呈负相关。研究表明，底栖动物群落结构和空间分布对氮磷、重金属具有较好的相关性，可为嘉兴河网大型底栖动物群落的修复与管理提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated the distribution characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals in water and surface sediments of the Jiaxing river network and the associated response of macrobenthic fauna. Additionally, the seasonal variations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals in water and sediment of the Jiaxing river network were analyzed in March(normal season) and July(wet season) of 2019. Based on the benthic survey data of the normal season and wet season, redundancy analysis(RDA) was applied to screen the nitrogen-phosphorus factors and heavy metals(Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As) and assess the ecological health of the urban rivers. In total, 18 species of macrobenthos, belonging to 3 phyla, 5 classes, and 14 families, were detected from the survey. There were 9 species of annelids, 6 species of molluscs, and 3 species of arthropods. Bellamya and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri are widely distributed. The zoobenthos community is characterized by simple structure, low species richness, and high pollution tolerance, and molluscs have the highest density and frequency. RDA showed that total P and total N in surface water[TP(S), TN(S)], and total P in interstitial water[TP(J)] were the main factors influencing the spatial distribution and community structure differences of the benthos. The distribution characteristics of benthos community structure corresponded well with the spatial distribution of water quality indexes. The density of molluscs was higher in the areas with higher nitrogen and phosphorus contents. Correlation analysis between population density and heavy metal content showed that TN(S) in surface water and TP(J) in interstitial water had greater effects on the density of benthos. The Pielou evenness index(J) was significantly positively correlated with TN. Oligochaete density was positively correlated with Hg in the water, and molluscs were positively correlated with Pb in the water. Molluscs were also positively correlated with Ni and Pb in sediments. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), J, and Margalef richness index(d) were negatively correlated with the heavy metal content in sediments. Therefore, the community structure and spatial distribution of zoobenthos have good correlations with nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals, which can provide a basis for the restoration and management of macrozoobenthos in the Jiaxing river network. |
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