| 孙涛,孙约兵,贾宏涛,吴泽嬴.虾壳生物炭对Cd-As复合污染土壤修复效应及土壤可溶性有机碳含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(8):1675-1685. |
| 虾壳生物炭对Cd-As复合污染土壤修复效应及土壤可溶性有机碳含量的影响 |
| Effects of crayfish shell biochar on remediation of Cd-As contaminated soil and soil dissolved organic carbon |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-14 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0056 |
| 中文关键词: 虾壳生物炭 Cd As 土壤修复 可溶性有机物 |
| 英文关键词: crayfish shell biochar cadmium arsenic soil remediation dissolved organic matter |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800105，2018YFD0800300）；国家自然科学基金项目（31971525）；中国农科院基本科研业务费专项院级统筹项目（Y2020PT03） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究虾壳生物炭对Cd、As复合污染土壤的修复效果和作用机制，将小龙虾壳厌氧热解制备成生物炭，通过土壤静态培养实验，在广东酸性和新疆碱性Cd、As复合污染土壤中添加不同剂量的虾壳生物炭（质量比为0.5%、1%和3%），研究虾壳生物炭对土壤理化性质、Cd-As有效性和形态分布特征的影响，同时分析其对土壤可溶性有机碳的影响。结果表明：施加虾壳生物炭可显著提高土壤pH、有机碳、碱解氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮和全磷含量（P<0.05），增幅随生物炭添加量的增加而增大。与不加生物炭的对照相比，添加0.5%~3%虾壳生物炭可使酸性土壤有效态Cd含量显著降低15.76%~26.50%，却使有效态As含量增加11.64%~24.53%；而生物炭添加可显著降低碱性土壤中有效态As、Cd含量（P<0.05），降幅分别为3.51%~8.12%和4.43%~28.90%。在土壤As、Cd形态分布上，添加虾壳生物炭增加了土壤中钙结合态As的比例，促进了土壤Cd由可交换态向残渣态转化。此外，添加虾壳生物炭显著提高了土壤可溶性有机碳含量，且土壤可溶性有机物的紫外光区吸收强度和芳香化程度有所增强。研究表明，虾壳生物炭可降低碱性土壤中Cd、As有效性，同时提高土壤养分含量，是一种绿色可持续的土壤钝化修复材料，具备碱性土壤Cd、As复合污染修复的潜在应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to explore the remediation effect and mechanism of crayfish shell biochar(CSBC) on cadmium(Cd)-and arsenic(As)-combined contaminated soils. More precisely, the soil incubation experiment was conducted to investigate that the effect of biochar prepared from crayfish shell by anaerobic pyrolysis with different dosages(0.5%, 1% and 3%) on soil physicochemical properties, the availability and fraction of Cd and As, and the content of dissolved organic matter in acidic soil in Guangdong and alkaline soil in Xinjiang. The results showed that CSBC application significantly increased the pH value and the contents of organic carbon, alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium, and total nitrogen and phosphorus in soils (P<0.05). The CSBC treatments at dosages of 0.5%~3% in the acidic soil could increase the content of available As by 11.64%~24.53% compared to the control groups(CK), whereas it decreased the amount of available Cd by 15.76%~26.50% in acidic soils. The concentration of available As and Cd in alkaline soil significantly decreased(P<0.05) by 3.51%~8.12% and 4.43%~28.90%, respectively, compared with CK. The fraction of calcium-bound As was increased after applying CSBC and the fractionation of exchange Cd was converted to residue fraction. Compared with the CK, CSBC increased the concentration of soil dissolved organic carbon by 255.57% and 111.65% in acidic and alkaline soils, respectively. Moreover, the characteristic absorption of soil dissolved organic matter in the ultraviolet region and the dissolved organic matter aromaticity were enhanced. In summary, CSBC is a green and sustainable candidate with promising application potential in Cd and As remediation in alkaline soil as it not only effectively reduces the availability of heavy metals in soil, but also improves soil nutrient qualities. |
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