火山石和改性凹凸棒土对初沉单元净化效果的影响

王钰钦; 郑尧; 钱信宇; 杨晓曦; 陈家长; 吴伟

文章摘要

王钰钦,郑尧,钱信宇,杨晓曦,陈家长,吴伟.火山石和改性凹凸棒土对初沉单元净化效果的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(12):2868-2877.

火山石和改性凹凸棒土对初沉单元净化效果的影响

Influence of volcanic stone and Al@TCAP-N on the purification effect of primary precipitation units

投稿时间：2020-04-01

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0372

中文关键词: 养殖尾水处理初沉单元火山石改性凹凸棒土

英文关键词: aquaculture wastewater treatment primary precipitation units volcanic stone Al-impregnated thermally treated calcium-rich attapulgite

基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“典型养殖池塘尾水集中处理关键技术及要素优化研究2019JBFZ06”；现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS-46）

作者	单位	E-mail
王钰钦	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081
郑尧	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 江苏无锡 214081	zhengy@ffrc.cn
钱信宇	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081
杨晓曦	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081
陈家长	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 江苏无锡 214081
吴伟	南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 江苏无锡 214081	wuw@ffrc.cn

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中文摘要:

为了对养殖尾水处理系统中沉淀单元净化能力进行优化，以改性凹凸棒土（Al@TCAP-N）和火山石作为研究材料，利用显微观察和比表面积测定研究其净化机理，以TN、TP、COD_Mn的浓度和去除率为检测指标，研究初沉单元中两材料的净化模式、运行参数和回收利用能力。结果显示，Al@TCAP-N具备较大比表面积（28.58 m²·g^-1），微生物难以附着；火山石比表面积较小（10.9 m²· g^-1），适宜微生物附着。将两者复合使用并添加外源微生物，0~48 h水质净化效果最佳，此模式对TN、TP和COD_Mn的去除率分别可达41.25%、45.31%和54.97%。深入研究该模式的运行参数，结果显示两种材料最适合的复配质量比为1∶1，复配时最适添加量为1 g·L^-1，且微生物直接投加于水体中的净化效果好于固载于材料上。对使用后的净化材料进行研究，发现净化材料能够通过简单的冲洗、烘干重复利用，并且每克材料最多可富集201.73 μg氮和34.98 μg磷，具有潜在的资源化利用价值。研究表明，将净化材料与外源微生物联用，能够有效、实用地增强养殖尾水沉淀单元水质净化效果。

英文摘要:

To optimize the purification capacity in the primary precipitation unit of an aquaculture wastewater treatment system, nitrogen removal type Al-impregnated thermally-treated calcium-rich attapulgite(Al@TCAP-N)and volcanic stone were used in this study. Moreover, a microscope was used to study the purification mechanism and measure the specific surface area. The concentration and removal rates of TN, TP, and COD_Mn were regarded as detection indicators. A method of using two purification materials to enhance water purification in the primary precipitation unit was discovered, and the corresponding operating parameters and the ability to reuse were obtained. Results showed that the specific surface area of Al@TCAP-N was large(28.58 m²·g^-1), rendering the attachment of microorganisms difficult. The specific surface area of volcanic stone was small(10.9 m²·g^-1)but suitable for microorganism attachment. The treatment effect of the primary precipitation unit on cultured wastewater was significantly improved and its removal rates of TN, TP, and COD_Mn were 41.25%, 45.31%, and 54.97%, respectively, possibly due to the combined effect of composite purification materials and exogenous microorganisms. The results of the in-depth study on operating parameters of the model showed that the most suitable compounding mass ratio for the two materials was 1:1 and the most suitable addition amount when compounding was 1 g·L^-1. Moreover, the purification effect of the microorganisms that are directly added to the water body is higher than that of the solid support. Investigation of used purification materials indicated that they can be reused by simply washing and drying. The used purification materials can potentially be re-utilized because they contain 201.73 μg nitrogen and 34.98 μg phosphorus per gram. The combination of purification materials and exogenous microorganisms can effectively increase the water purification effect of the primary precipitation unit.

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