文章摘要
谢坤,罗元,冯弋洋,何秋平,张克强,沈仕洲,王风.洱海海西不同种植类型下农灌沟渠雨季水质变化特征与综合评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2387-2396.
洱海海西不同种植类型下农灌沟渠雨季水质变化特征与综合评价
Comprehensive evaluation of water quality changes in agricultural irrigation ditches in the rainy season under different planting patterns in the west of Erhai, China
投稿时间:2020-06-30  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2020-0741
中文关键词: 洱海  种植类型  农灌沟渠  污染特征  综合评价
英文关键词: Erhai  planting pattern  farm irrigation ditches  pollution characteristics  comprehensive evaluation
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800103); 948项目(2016-X53);农业部财政项目
作者单位E-mail
谢坤 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 
 
罗元 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 
 
冯弋洋 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004
云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 
 
何秋平 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004
新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052 
 
张克强 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 
 
沈仕洲 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 
 
王风 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部大理农业环境科学观测实验站, 云南 大理 671004 
wangfeng_530@163.com 
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中文摘要:
      为揭示洱海海西种植区不同种植类型对农灌沟渠雨季水质的综合影响及N、P等贡献率,选取烟草、苗木、蔬菜和水稻4种种植区内农灌沟渠为研究对象,通过分析COD、TN、TP及NH4+-N浓度变化特征及种植类型贡献率,同时采用综合平均污染指数法和“中心化”灰色模式识别水质评价模型对沟渠水质进行综合评价。结果表明: 4种种植类型中蔬菜和烟草种植分别对沟渠径流中TN和TP流失贡献最大,沟渠径流中NO3--N是TN最主要形态,占比为60.43%~81.35%,烟草种植区沟渠径流中DTP为TP主要形态,占比为74.16%~77.95%;综合平均污染指数法表明沟渠中TN和COD是水质类别变化主要影响因子,水质影响占比分别为14.06%~56.95%和20.03%~37.19%;灰色模式识别模型分析发现单位种植面积指数差(ΔGC·hm-2)贡献依次是蔬菜(0.057 2) > 烟草(0.015 5) > 苗木(0.014 1) > 水稻(0.000 2),种植类型对沟渠水质影响依次降低。
英文摘要:
      The purpose of this study is to reveal the comprehensive influence of different planting patterns on the water quality and rate of pollutant contribution by irrigation ditches in the rainy season in the west of Erhai Basin. Agricultural irrigation ditches were selected in four areas planted with tobacco, seedlings, vegetables, and rice. By analyzing the changes in COD, TN, TP, and NH4+-N concentrations, the comprehensive average pollution index method and "centralized" gray pattern recognition model were used to comprehensively evaluate the water quality of the ditch. The results showed that vegetable and tobacco planting had the largest contribution to TN and TP loss, respectively, in ditch runoff. NO3--N was the main form of TN and accounted for 60.43%~81.35% in the ditch runoff water. DTP was the main form of TP and accounted for 74.16%~77.95% in ditch runoff. The results of the comprehensive average pollution index method showed that TN and COD were the main factors affecting the water body; the pollution ratio was 14.06%~56.95% and 20.03%~37.19% respectively. The results of the gray pattern recognition model analysis showed that the pollution index per hectare planting area(ΔGC·hm-2)was vegetable field (0.057 2)> tobacco field (0.015 5) >seedling field (0.014 1) >rice paddy (0.000 2).
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