| 孔柏舒,焦树英,李永强,沈玉文,李烨,张子胥,付春雨.黄腐酸改性膨润土对氮素淋失和氮肥利用率的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2371-2379. |
| 黄腐酸改性膨润土对氮素淋失和氮肥利用率的影响 |
| Effect of fulvic acid-modified bentonite on nitrogen leaching and nitrogen use efficiency |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0838 |
| 中文关键词: 黄腐酸改性膨润土 等温吸附 NH4+-N淋失 NO3--N淋失 氮肥利用率 |
| 英文关键词: fulvic acid modified bentonite isothermal adsorption NH4+-N leaching NO3--N leaching nitrogen use efficiency |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800602） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究黄腐酸改性膨润土在氮减量条件下对棕壤氮素淋溶及氮肥利用率的影响，通过等温吸附试验，研究黄腐酸改性膨润土对NH4+-N和NO3--N的吸附性能。采用土柱淋溶试验和玉米盆栽试验明确不同施氮浓度下配施黄腐酸改性膨润土对氮素淋失和籽粒氮肥利用率的影响，试验设置3个氮肥浓度，分别为农民习惯施肥（CN）、氮肥减量15%（CN1）、氮肥减量30%（CN2），并对3个施氮水平添加土质量0.2%的黄腐酸改性膨润土（XCN、XCN1、XCN2）。结果表明：黄腐酸改性膨润土对土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N的吸附过程可用Langmuir模型较好地拟合，最大吸附量分别为27.28 mg·g-1和43.37 mg·g-1。黄腐酸改性膨润土可有效降低土柱NH4+-N和NO3--N的淋失，与CN处理相比，XCN处理NH4+-N累计淋失量降低13.5%，XCN、XCN1、XCN2处理NO3--N累计淋失量分别降低38.13%、18.56%和35.75%。黄腐酸改性膨润土可显著提高土壤中氮素的留存和玉米籽粒的氮肥利用率，XCN、XCN1、XCN2处理比CN、CN1、CN2处理籽粒氮肥利用率分别提高7.94%、10.07%、79.17%。研究表明，黄腐酸改性膨润土在氮减量条件下可有效降低土壤氮素淋失，提高作物氮肥利用率，具有潜在的农艺价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims to investigate the effects of fulvic acid-modified bentonite on nitrogen leaching in brown soil and urea-nitrogen utilization under three nitrogen levels. The adsorption properties of fulvic acid-modified bentonite for NH4+-N and NO3--N were studied by conducting isothermal adsorption test. Soil column leaching test and maize pot experiment were conducted to determine the effects of applying fulvic acid-modified bentonite on nitrogen leaching and nitrogen utilization under different nitrogen application gradients. Herein, three nitrogen reduction gradients were set up, i.e., farmers' conventional fertilization(CN), nitrogen reduction by 15%(CN1), nitrogen reduction by 30%(CN2), and 0.2% fulvic acid-modified bentonite was added to the three nitrogen reduction gradients(XCN, XCN1, XCN2), respectively. The results showed that the adsorption process of NH4+-N and NO3--N by fulvic acid-modified bentonite can be well fitted by Langmuir model, with maximum adsorption capacity of 27.28 and 43.37 mg·g-1, respectively. Compared with CN treatment, NH4+-N leaching loss of XCN treatment decreased by 13.5%, whereas NO3--N leaching amount of XCN, XCN1, and XCN2 treatments decreased by 38.13%, 18.56%, and 35.75%, respectively. The fulvic acid-modified bentonite could significantly increase nitrogen retention in soil and nitrogen use efficiency of the maize grain. Compared with the treatment of CN, CN1, and CN2, the nitrogen use efficiency of XCN, XCN1, and XCN2 increased by 7.94%, 10.07%, and 79.17%, respectively. Fulvic acid-modified bentonite can effectively reduce soil nitrogen leaching and improve crop nitrogen use efficiency under nitrogen reduction, which has a potential agronomic value. |
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