| 都雪利,李波,崔杰华,李国琛,王颜红.辽宁某冶炼厂周边农田土壤与农产品重金属污染特征及风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2249-2258. |
| 辽宁某冶炼厂周边农田土壤与农产品重金属污染特征及风险评价 |
| Assessment of heavy metal pollution and risk of farmland soil and agricultural products around a smelter in Liaoning |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0434 |
| 中文关键词: 冶炼厂 农产品 重金属 污染特征 来源分析 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词: smelter agricultural products heavy metals pollution source apportionment health risk |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800303）；农业部国家风险评估国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目（GJFP201601306）；沈阳市科技局科技创新平台建设计划项目（17-194-1-00） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以辽宁某典型冶炼厂为研究对象，采集冶炼厂北部1~15 km的农田土壤及种植的农产品，分析Cd、Pb等重金属含量特征。利用土壤重金属水平分布特征、农产品重金属污染特征、富集系数与转运系数、农产品不同器官重金属分布特征、土壤添加和叶面喷施重金属等方法探究了农产品Cd、Pb污染来源，采用暴露风险指数（HQv）评价了通过农产品摄入的重金属对人体产生的健康风险。结果表明：该冶炼厂周边农田土壤Cd、Hg、Zn、Pb和Cu呈明显的污染与富集趋势，总体呈重度污染水平。花生、玉米和蔬菜受到Cd、Pb污染，3类农产品Cd超标率分别为100%、69%和16%，Pb超标率分别为100%、46%和13%。建议减少花生、玉米和小白菜种植，适当增加种植大白菜、萝卜。随与冶炼厂距离的增加，土壤Cd、Pb含量均呈降低趋势，农产品重金属污染特征表明重金属含量高的农产品分布在冶炼厂附近地块，富集系数与转运系数表明花生富集土壤Cd的能力高于Pb，Pb比Cd更容易向玉米籽粒转运。土壤添加和叶面喷施试验表明，不同污染源作用下农产品各器官Cd、Pb含量趋势不同，花生籽粒Cd主要来自土壤，玉米籽粒Pb主要来自大气沉降。暴露风险指数评价结果表明，通过花生摄入的Cd、Pb，小白菜摄入的Cd和玉米摄入的Pb会对人体存在一定程度的健康风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study assessed the characteristics of heavy metal(Cd and Pb)pollution of farmland soil and agricultural products at distances of 1~15 km to the north of a typical smelter in Liaoning. The sources of heavy metal(Cd and Pb)pollution of agricultural products were explored. The results are as follows. According to the horizontal distribution of heavy metals in soil, the farmland soil around the smelter was significantly polluted and enriched with Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, and Cu. The over-the-standard rates of Cd and Pb pollution of the edible parts of agricultural products were 100% and 100% for peanut, 69% and 46% for corn, and 16% and 13% for vegetables, respectively. We recommend to reduce the cultivation of peanuts, corn, and pakchoi and appropriately increase the cultivation of Chinese cabbage and radish. The horizontal distribution of heavy metals in soil showed that Cd and Pb content decreased with increasing distance from the smelter. Agricultural products with high heavy metal content were grown in fields near the smelter. The enrichment coefficients (BCF)and transport coefficients(TF)indicated that peanut showed a stronger enrichment capacity of soil Cd than of soil Pb but Pb was more easily transported to corn grains. Cd and Pb content of different organs of agricultural products varied between soil addition and leaf spraying tests. Cd in peanut grains was mainly derived from soil, while Pb in corn grains was mainly derived atmospheric sedimentation. Based on the exposure risk index(HQv), people in this region were found to be at a certain health risk due to Cd and Pb intake through peanut, Cd intake through pakchoi, and Pb intake through corn. |
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