喷施硫酸锰和硫酸锌对小麦籽粒镉锰锌生物可给性的影响

陶雪莹; 徐应明; 王林; 黄青青; 闫秀秀; 刘畅

文章摘要

陶雪莹,徐应明,王林,黄青青,闫秀秀,刘畅.喷施硫酸锰和硫酸锌对小麦籽粒镉锰锌生物可给性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2181-2189.

喷施硫酸锰和硫酸锌对小麦籽粒镉锰锌生物可给性的影响

Effects of foliar application of manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate on bioaccessibility of cadmium, manganese, and zinc in wheat grains

投稿时间：2020-07-17

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0821

中文关键词: 小麦锌肥锰肥镉生物可给性喷施

英文关键词: wheat zinc fertilization manganese fertilization cadmium bioaccessibility foliar application

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800203）；天津市自然科学基金重点项目（18JCZDJC34000）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-03-25）；国家自然科学基金项目（41571322）

作者	单位	E-mail
陶雪莹	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191
徐应明	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191
王林	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191	wanglin2017@caas.cn
黄青青	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191
闫秀秀	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191
刘畅	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津 300191

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中文摘要:

为探明喷施叶面肥对小麦镉（Cd）污染健康风险的影响，通过大田试验，采用体外模拟消化方法，研究喷施不同浓度MnSO₄和ZnSO₄对小麦籽粒中Cd、锰（Mn）和锌（Zn）的含量及生物可给性的影响，计算人体对小麦Cd、Mn和Zn的摄入量，评价喷施Mn肥和Zn肥对降低人体Cd摄入、提高Mn和Zn吸收的作用。结果表明：喷施MnSO₄和ZnSO₄可显著降低小麦籽粒的Cd含量，最大降低率可达47.45%；喷施MnSO₄显著提高小麦Mn含量；喷施中高浓度的ZnSO₄显著提高小麦Zn含量。小麦Cd、Mn和Zn在胃阶段的生物可给性明显高于小肠阶段；高浓度ZnSO₄处理显著降低小麦Cd在胃阶段的生物可给性，提高Zn在胃阶段的生物可给性；高浓度MnSO₄处理使小肠阶段小麦Mn和Zn的生物可给性显著升高。食用Cd污染的小麦有Cd摄入量过高的健康风险，而ZnSO₄、高浓度MnSO₄以及中高浓度锰锌肥复配处理可显著降低人体食用小麦摄入Cd的量，最大降低率达42.86%；喷施MnSO₄显著提高小麦Mn的膳食摄入量；食用喷施MnSO₄和ZnSO₄处理的小麦可满足膳食Zn摄入的需要，其中喷施高浓度MnSO₄处理效果更好。研究表明，喷施高浓度MnSO₄可显著降低小麦Cd含量和人体Cd摄入量，显著提高小麦Mn含量以及Mn和Zn的生物可给性，从而显著提高人体Mn和Zn的摄入量。

英文摘要:

A field trial was conducted to study the effects of foliar fertilization on health risks associated with the consumption of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated wheat grains. MnSO₄ and ZnSO₄ at different concentrations were applied as foliar fertilizers. The bioaccessibilities of Cd, manganese(Mn), and zinc(Zn)were assessed using the in vitro digestion method, and the bioaccessible established daily intake (BEDI) values of Cd, Mn, and Zn were calculated. The effects of the foliar application of Mn and Zn on the concentrations, bioaccessibilities, and bioaccessible established daily intake(BEDIs)of Cd, Mn, and Zn in wheat grains were evaluated. The results showed that the foliar application of MnSO₄ and ZnSO₄ significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat grains, with a maximal reduction of 47.45% compared to that in the control. The foliar application of MnSO₄ significantly increased the Mn content in wheat grains. Foliar treatment with medium and high concentrations of ZnSO₄ significantly increased the Zn content in wheat grains. The bioaccessibilities of Cd, Mn, and Zn in wheat were higher in the gastric phase than in the small intestinal phase. The foliar application of ZnSO₄ at high concentrations significantly reduced Cd bioaccessibility and increased Zn bioaccessibility in wheat in the gastric phase. The foliar application of MnSO₄ at high concentrations increased the bioaccessibilities of Mn and Zn in wheat grains in the small intestinal phase. The consumption of Cd-contaminated wheat could lead to a high Cd intake. The foliar application of ZnSO₄, high concentrations of MnSO₄, and medium and high concentrations of MnSO₄ plus ZnSO₄ significantly reduced the BEDI of Cd from wheat grains, with a maximal reduction of 42.86% compared to that in the control. Foliar treatments with MnSO₄ significantly increased the BEDI of Mn from wheat grains. The BEDIs of Zn from wheat grains treated with MnSO₄ and ZnSO₄ were higher than the recommended nutrient intake and met the human needs for Zn from wheat. The BEDI of Zn was highest from wheat that was treated with high concentrations of MnSO₄. In conclusion, the foliar application of MnSO₄ at high concentrations can significantly reduce the BEDI and Cd content and markedly increase the Mn content and the bioaccessibilities and BEDIs of Mn and Zn in wheat. Therefore, this treatment is considered most suitable for reducing Cd intake and increasing Mn and Zn intake from wheat.

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