| 程六龙,黄永春,周桂华,刘仲齐,张长波,王常荣,王晓丽.叶面喷施S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸对晚稻籽粒中铅含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2134-2142. |
| 叶面喷施S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸对晚稻籽粒中铅含量的影响 |
| Foliar application of SAC reduces lead concentration in late rice grains by decreasing the translocation of lead from the roots to the above-ground parts |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-31 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0900 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 铅 S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸 叶面喷施 |
| 英文关键词: rice lead S-allyl-L-cysteine foliar application |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801100） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过研究叶面喷施S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸（SAC）对晚稻籽粒及根、茎营养器官中Pb含量的影响，评估SAC作为Pb叶面阻控剂的可行性。田间试验在广西水稻主产区Pb污染农田开展，选用当地主栽品种“百香139”作为试验材料，分别在晚稻孕穗期和开花期各喷施一次0.05~0.4 mmol·L-1的SAC。结果表明：当SAC喷施浓度达到0.1 mmol·L-1时，即可使晚稻籽粒中Pb含量显著降低34.04%，但是随着SAC喷施浓度增加，籽粒中Pb含量并未出现持续降低趋势。对籽粒中6种人体必需营养元素含量的分析结果显示，喷施SAC对K、Mg、Ca、Fe、Zn 5种矿质营养元素含量无显著影响，但是显著降低了Mn元素含量，最高降低幅度达21.93%。当SAC喷施浓度达到0.1 mmol·L-1后，地上部所有营养器官中Pb含量与对照（不添加SAC处理）相比均出现显著降低，随着SAC喷施浓度升高，地上部各营养器官中Pb含量出现逐渐升高趋势，但是喷施SAC对水稻根系中Pb含量无显著影响。喷施0.1 mmol·L-1SAC显著降低了Pb由根向第三节间的转移系数（TF第三节间/根）和由第三节间向第二节的转移系数（TF第二节/第三节间），最高降低幅度分别为29.77%和24.25%，但是显著增加了Pb由第一节间向穗轴的转移系数（TF穗轴/第一节间）、穗轴向籽粒的转移系数（TF籽粒/穗轴）和旗叶向籽粒的转移系数（TF籽粒/旗叶），最高增加幅度分别为22.40%、25.35%、16.35%。研究推测，喷施低浓度SAC降低水稻籽粒中Pb含量可能与显著降低根系向水稻地上部营养器官转运Pb有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, the effects of foliar application of S-allyl-L-cysteine(SAC)on Pb content and grain quality of late rice grain were studied to evaluate the feasibility of using SAC to reduce Pb content in the grain. A field experiment was carried out in a Pb-contaminated farmland in the main rice producing region of Guangxi Province, China. The local cultivar ‘Bai Xiang 139’ was selected as the experimental material and 0.05 mmol·L-1 and 0.4 mmol·L-1 SAC was sprayed once each at the booting and flowering stages, respectively. When SAC concentration reached 0.1 mmol·L-1, the Pb content in grain decreased significantly by 34.04%, but Pb content in grain did not show a continuous downward trend with increase in SAC spraying concentration. The results of analysis for the content of six essential nutrient elements in grains revealed that spraying SAC had no significant effect on the content of K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn, but significantly reduced the content of Mn by 21.93%. The Pb content in all above-ground organs was significantly lower than that in the control after SAC spraying. As the spraying concentration of SAC increased, the Pb content in the upper vegetative organs also increased gradually, but there was no significant effect of spraying SAC on Pb content in the roots. After SAC spraying, the transfer coefficient of Pb from the root to the third internode(TFInternodeⅢ/Root)and from the third internode to the second node(TFNodeⅡ/InternodeⅢ)was significantly reduced, with the highest reduction of 29.77% and 24.25%, respectively. However, the transfer coefficient of Pb from the first node to the first internode (TFInternodeⅠ/NodeⅠ)and from the rachis to the grain(TFGrain/Rachis)and from the flag leaf to the grain(TFGrain/Flag leaf)significantly increased, with a maximum increase of 22.40%, 25.35% and 16.35%, respectively. It is suggested that the decrease in the grain Pb content as a result of SAC spraying may be related to the decrease in transport from roots to the basal organs of rice straw. |
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