生物炭折流湿地对生活污水的净化效果

王若凡; 汪文飞; 王煜钧; 孙鹤洲; 刘傲展

文章摘要

王若凡,汪文飞,王煜钧,孙鹤洲,刘傲展.生物炭折流湿地对生活污水的净化效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(9):2001-2007.

生物炭折流湿地对生活污水的净化效果

Purification effect of biochar baffled wetland on domestic sewage

投稿时间：2020-03-10

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0258

中文关键词: 折流湿地生物炭水力停留时间一级动力学模型

英文关键词: baffle wetland biochar hydraulic retention time first-order kinetic model

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51969011）；甘肃省自然基金项目（17JR5RA105）

作者	单位
王若凡	兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
汪文飞	兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
王煜钧	兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
孙鹤洲	兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
刘傲展	兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070

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中文摘要:

为提升西北地区农村生活污水的治理水平，结合西北地区气温特征，以生物炭为主体构建了折流湿地，并分析其对生活污水中污染物的净化效果。结果表明：在水温8~12℃条件下，折流湿地的最佳水力停留时间（HRT）为2.5 d，此时，湿地中污水的化学需氧量（COD）、氨氮（NH₄⁺-N）、磷酸盐（PO₄^3--P）、悬浮物（SS）的去除率分别为90.51%、72.38%、90.73%、94.57%。此外，各自污染物去除率与其停留时间和沿程均呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。折流湿地经过12个月的运行，对COD、NH₄⁺-N、₄^3--P、SS的年平均去除率分别为88.16%、83.16%、92.55%、96.30%，且出水水质稳定。生物炭作为折流湿地填料对COD、₄^3--P、SS的去除过程均较好地符合一级动力学模型（R²>0.91），并且对SS具有较快的去除速率。研究表明，生物炭作为折流湿地填料具有良好的应用价值，对解决西北地区农村水污染问题具有重要的意义。

英文摘要:

:In order to speed up the treatment of rural domestic sewage in northwest China, this study combined with the characteristics of anuual average temperature, constructed a baffled wetland using biochar as the main body, and its degradation effect on pollutants in domestic sewage was analyzed. The results showed that the optimal hydraulic retention time(HRT)of the baffled wetland was 2.5 d at 8~12℃. During this time, the removal rates of chemical demand(COD), ammonia nitrogen(NH₄⁺-N), phosphate(PO₄^3--P), and suspended solids(SS)in the wetland were 90.51%, 72.38%, 90.73%, and 94.57%, respectively. In addition, the respective pollutant removal rate was significantly positively correlated with their residence time(P<0.05). After 12 months of wetland operation, the average annual removal efficiency of COD, NH₄⁺-N, PO₄^3--P, and SS were 88.16%, 83.16%, 92.55%, and 96.30%, respectively, and the effluent quality was stable. Biochar, a baffled wetland filler, biochemically degraded COD, PO₄^3--P, and SS. Further, the data fitted the first-order kinetic model with R² greater than 0.91, and the fastest degradation rate was observed for SS. Therefore, the results show that the use of biochar as a filler in baffled wetlands is of good application value and is of great significance for solving rural water pollution problems in northwestern China.

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