| 张璐,董达,平帆,徐兴坤,易倩倩,孙雪,吴伟祥.逐年全量秸秆炭化还田对水稻产量和土壤养分的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(10):2319-2326. |
| 逐年全量秸秆炭化还田对水稻产量和土壤养分的影响 |
| The effects of successive whole-dose biochar application on rice yield and soil nutrient concentrations |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1590 |
| 中文关键词: 逐年全量秸秆生物质炭化还田 水稻产量 土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词: successive whole-dose biochar application rice yield soil nutrients |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAC02B01）；国家自然科学基金项目（41571241）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（LZ15D030001） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1924 |
| 全文下载次数: 1925 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究逐年全量秸秆生物质炭化还田模式对水稻产量及土壤养分的影响，在浙北一处中产单季稻田连续开展4年（2013-2016）的田间试验。试验包含三个处理：CK：对照（无任何水稻秸秆或生物质炭还田）；RS：水稻秸秆全量还田（8 t·hm-2·a-1）；RSB：全量水稻秸秆炭化还田（2.8 t·hm-2·a-1）。收获期测定水稻株高、籽粒产量、土壤pH、阳离子交换量（CEC）、总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、有效态营养元素P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Al、Fe和Mn含量，并在此基础上探究全量秸秆炭化还田对水稻产量和土壤养分的影响机制。结果表明：RSB能显著提高水稻株高和籽粒产量（P<0.05），且增幅大于RS；RSB能明显提高土壤TC、TN、有效态P、K、Ca、Mg含量，降低过量有效态Al、Fe、Mn含量；RSB对土壤养分的提高更大程度上是由于秸秆生物质炭间接增强了土壤C、N元素及速效养分的累积；RSB增产的关键因素是土壤TC、TN、有效态K、Mg含量的提高以及有效态Al含量的降低。逐年全量秸秆生物质炭化还田持续增产增肥效果显著，是稻田生态系统极具潜力的秸秆资源利用模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A 4-year experiment (2013-2016) was conducted in a paddy field of medium soil fertility under a single cropping system in north Zhejiang Province to investigate the effects of successive whole-dose biochar applications on rice yield and soil nutrient concentrations and the associated mechanisms. Three treatments were employed:CK (control, i.e., without straw or biochar addition), RS (rice straw applications at 8 t·hm-2·a-1), and RSB (successive rice straw-derived biochar applications at 2.8 t·hm-2·a-1). Rice plant height, grain yield, soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), concentrations of total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN), available contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Al, Fe, and Mn in paddy soil samples were determined for each harvested time. Results showed that compared with CK, the RSB treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased rice height and grain yield, and the increase of rate with the RSB treatment was higher than that with the RS treatment; The RSB treatment led to higher concentrations of soil TC and TN and available contents of P, K, Mg, and Ca, but lower soil available contents of Al, Fe, and Mn; The improvement of soil nutrients with RSB was most likely due to the biochar indirectly enhancing the accumulation of C, N, and available nutrients in the soil; The increase in concentrations of the soil TC and TN and available contents of K and Mg and the decrease in available content of Al with the RSB treatment might be the key factors that contributed to the rice yield increase. Therefore, the consistent increases in rice yield and soil nutrient concentrations in the 4-year RSB treatment demonstrate that successive whole-dose straw-derived biochar application is a promising approach for straw resource utilization. |
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