| 王峰,陈玉真,吴志丹,江福英,翁伯琦,尤志明.除草剂对茶园土壤尿素态氮转化和温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(8):1649-1657. |
| 除草剂对茶园土壤尿素态氮转化和温室气体排放的影响 |
| Effects of herbicides on urea nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emission from tea garden soil |
| 投稿时间：2016-11-08 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-1422 |
| 中文关键词: 除草剂 茶园土壤 尿素 氮素转化 温室气体 |
| 英文关键词: herbicides tea garden soil urea nitrogen transformation greenhouse gas |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0200903）；福建省公益类科研院所专项（2015R1012-5，2016R1011-4）；福建省自然科学基金项目（2016J01120） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王峰 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 陈玉真 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 吴志丹 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 江福英 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 翁伯琦 | 福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 尤志明 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | 847842412@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过室内培养试验，研究了几种常用茶园除草剂对土壤尿素态氮转化和温室气体排放的影响。设置CK（未施尿素和除草剂）、单施尿素、尿素+草甘膦钾盐、尿素+草甘膦异丙胺盐、尿素+草铵膦、尿素+百草枯共6个处理，尿素用量为200 mg N·kg-1干土，除草剂用量为10 mg有效成分·kg-1干土。结果表明：4种除草剂均在前期（5 d）显著抑制了尿素的水解作用（P<0.05），此后促进尿素水解，并延长了尿素水解时间，百草枯施用效果较为显著，其他3种除草剂施用效果之间差异不显著。与单施尿素处理相比，施用除草剂均显著抑制土壤硝化作用（P<0.05），硝化抑制率为38.42%~58.08%。茶园土壤单施尿素显著促进温室气体CO2和N2O的排放（P<0.05）。与单施尿素处理相比，4种除草剂均促进了茶园土壤CO2的排放，累积排放量增幅为6.05%~65.46%，其中草甘膦异丙胺和百草枯处理CO2排放量显著增加（P<0.05）；4种除草剂显著抑制N2O排放（P<0.05），累积排放量降幅为46.21%~63.58%，百草枯处理抑制效果最显著（P<0.05）；4种除草剂不同程度抑制了CH4的排放，累积排放量降幅为13.71%~32.09%，草甘膦异丙胺和百草枯处理CH4累积排放量显著降低（P<0.05），但4种除草剂之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。由于不同除草剂对不同微生物生理代谢影响的复杂性，其对氮素转化和温室气体的影响还需长期田间试验研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To assess the effects of herbicides on nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emission from tea garden soil, an incubation experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions with six treatments including a control(no urea or herbicide), urea, urea+glyphosate potassium salt, urea+glyphosate isopropylamine, urea+glufosinate, and urea+paraquat; 200 mg N·kg-1 dry soil and 10 mg active ingredient· kg-1 dry soil were applied in the urea and herbicide treatments, respectively. The experimental results showed that the four herbicides had a significant suppressive effect on urea hydrolysis during an early stage of incubation(5 d), but had a promotive effect at a later stage of incubation and retarded the hydrolysis time of urea. Paraquat had the most significant effect on urea hydrolysis, and no significant difference was seen with the other herbicide treatments. However, a significant negative effect on soil nitrification was observed for the four herbicide treatments(P<0.05), with nitrification inhibition rates of 38.42%~58.08%, and glyphosate potassium salt had the highest inhibitory effect among the four herbicides(P<0.05). Nitrogen fertilizer greatly increased CO2 and N2O emissions from the tea garden soil, but had no significant effect on CH4 emissions. Compared with urea, the four herbicides increased CO2 emissions(6.05%~65.46%), especially for the glyphosate isopropylamine and paraquat treatments. However, the N2O emission was significantly reduced by 46.21%~63.58% in the four herbicides treatments(P<0.05), especially for the paraquat treatment. The CH4 emission was slightly reduced by herbicide amendments to varying degrees, and the glyphosate isopropylamine and paraquat treatments showed a stronger influence on CH4 emissions than the other treatments, with no significant difference in CH4 emissions among herbicide treatments. Due to the complexity of the effects of different herbicides on microbial physiological metabolism, long-term in situ studies need to be carried out to better understand the effects of various herbicides on nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emission. |
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