青葙对镉的超富集特征及累积动态研究

姚诗音; 刘杰; 王怡璇; 朱园芳; 丰顺

文章摘要

姚诗音,刘杰,王怡璇,朱园芳,丰顺.青葙对镉的超富集特征及累积动态研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(8):1470-1476.

青葙对镉的超富集特征及累积动态研究

Cd hyperaccumulation and accumulative kinetics of Celosia argentea Linn.for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil

投稿时间：2016-12-30

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-1677

中文关键词: 青葙超富集植物镉植物修复

英文关键词: Celosia argentea Linn hyperaccumulator cadmium phytoremediation

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41471270）；广西自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目（2014GXNSFGA118009）；国家重点研发计划子课题（2016YFD080080402）

作者	单位	E-mail
姚诗音	桂林理工大学环境污染控制理论与技术广西重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004
刘杰	桂林理工大学环境污染控制理论与技术广西重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004 桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心, 广西桂林 541004	liujie@glut.edu.cn
王怡璇	桂林理工大学环境污染控制理论与技术广西重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004
朱园芳	桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心, 广西桂林 541004
丰顺	桂林理工大学环境污染控制理论与技术广西重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004

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中文摘要:

通过盆栽试验，研究了青葙（Celosia argentea Linn.）在0（对照）、1、5、10、15、20、25 mg·kg^-1七个浓度下对土壤Cd的耐受和富集特征，评价了青葙对CdCl₂、CdSO₄、CdCO₃、Cd（OH）₂、CdS、CdO和Cd（NO₃）₂等形态Cd的富集能力，并在Cd污染的水稻田土壤中测试了青葙体内Cd的动态累积过程。结果表明，青葙对Cd具有极强的耐受和富集能力，在土壤Cd处理浓度≤ 15 mg·kg^-1时，其生物量未出现显著下降（P>0.05）。除对照外，青葙叶片Cd含量均高于100 mg·kg^-1，并且转运系数和富集系数均大于1，符合Cd超富集植物的基本特征。实验同时发现，青葙不仅能大量富集水溶性Cd，对难溶性Cd也表现出很强的超富集能力，在外源添加Cd（OH）₂、CdS和CdO等难溶性Cd的土壤中，青葙叶片Cd含量分别达到134、102、90.20 mg·kg^-1，表明青葙具有修复不同形态Cd污染土壤的性能。总体而言，青葙对Cd的累积量随时间增加而增大，但在第8~12周时，其地上部植株Cd的富集量增加不显著（P>0.05），由此判断第8周是青葙收获的适宜时期。青葙收获期短这一特性，对于缩短修复周期，提高修复效率有重要的意义。由于青葙生长快速，具有较大的生物量，对Cd耐受和富集能力强，可以认为青葙是一种具有潜在应用价值的Cd超富集植物资源。

英文摘要:

In the present work, Cd tolerance and accumulation in Celosia argentea were evaluated using pot experiments with soils spiked with different levels(0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg·kg^-1) of Cd or different Cd compounds[CdCl₂, CdSO₄, CdCO₃, Cd(OH)₂, CdS, CdO, and Cd(NO₃)₂] at 5 mg·kg^-1. Kinetics of Cd uptake and accumulation in the plants were also studied in natural Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that C. argentea has a high ability to accumulate and tolerate Cd. The biomass of C. argentea did not decrease significantly when the soil Cd was ≤ 15 mg·kg^-1. The Cd accumulation in leaves was above 100 mg·kg^-1, and the transfer factor and bioconcentration factor were both higher than 1 in all plants except for control. Therefore, C. argentea could be identified as a Cd-hyperaccumulator. In addition, C. argentea can hyperaccumulate not only soluble Cd but also insoluble Cd. Cd concentrations were 134, 102, and 90.2 mg·kg^-1 in the leaves of C. argentea grown in the soils with exogenous Cd(OH)₂, CdS, and CdO, respectively. This finding indicated that C. argentea has a potential to remediate soils contaminated by different Cd species. In general, the concentrations of Cd in tissues increased progressively with time. However, the uptake of Cd in shoots increased insignificantly from the 8th to the 12th week(P>0.05), indicating that the 8th week is the best harvest time for C. argentea. A short harvest time is favorable to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation. In conclusion, C. argentea has a great potential for Cd phytoextraction because of its rapid growth, considerable biomass, and high Cd tolerance and accumulation.

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