吡唑醚菌酯对土壤微生物呼吸作用及土壤酶活性的影响

袁传卫; 姜兴印; 殷万元; 芦勇; 李向东; 张吉旺

文章摘要

袁传卫,姜兴印,殷万元,芦勇,李向东,张吉旺.吡唑醚菌酯对土壤微生物呼吸作用及土壤酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(5):897-903.

吡唑醚菌酯对土壤微生物呼吸作用及土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Pyraclostrobin on Soil Microbial Respiration and Enzymatic Activities

投稿时间：2014-12-25

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.05.012

中文关键词: 吡唑醚菌酯嘧菌酯土壤微生物呼吸土壤酶

英文关键词: pyraclostrobin azoxystrobin soil microbial respiration soil enzyme

基金项目:山东省现代农业产业技术体系(玉米体系)项目; 山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目“小麦-玉米绿色增产技术模式研究与示范”

作者	单位	E-mail
袁传卫	山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018
姜兴印	山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018 山东小麦玉米周年高产高效生产协同创新中心, 山东泰安 271018	xyjiang@sdau.edu.cn
殷万元	山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018
芦勇	山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018
李向东	山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018 山东小麦玉米周年高产高效生产协同创新中心, 山东泰安 271018
张吉旺	山东农业大学农学院, 山东泰安 271018 山东小麦玉米周年高产高效生产协同创新中心, 山东泰安 271018

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中文摘要:

通过室内直接吸收法测定了吡唑醚菌酯对土壤微生物呼吸作用的影响。结果表明,吡唑醚菌酯在整个处理过程中对土壤呼吸的影响以促进-激活作用为主,15 d后恢复至对照水平;对比药剂嘧菌酯处理对呼吸的影响变化趋势为激活-抑制-激活。采用危害系数法评价认为吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯对土壤微生物无实际危害;测定了吡唑醚菌酯对四种土壤酶活性的影响,发现吡唑醚菌酯各处理均对土壤脲酶、中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶产生了不同程度的抑制作用,21 d后1 mg·kg^-1处理恢复至对照水平,100 mg·kg^-1的处理有所恢复但仍低于对照水平;各浓度处理对土壤过氧化氢酶均产生促进作用,14 d基本恢复到对照水平。由此可知,吡唑醚菌酯处理对土壤微生物及土壤酶会产生一定的影响,但是一段时间后可恢复至对照水平。

英文摘要:

Once entering soil, fungicides may pose risks to soil microorganisms. In this study, the effects of pyraclostrobin on soil microbial respiration and enzymatic activities were determined using azoxystrobin as reference chemical. During the experimental process, the effect of pyraclostrobin on the soil microbial respiration showed initial stimulation and then recovery and the respiration was back to the control level after 15 d. In the azoxystrobin treatment, however, microbial respiration displayed “stimulation-inhibition-stimulation” course, and the effect was still exist after 15 d. The hazard coefficient showed that pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin posed a little risk to the soil microbial respiration. Activities of soil urease and neutral phosphatase were inhibited at all concentrations of pyraclostrobin, with inhibition being increased with concentrations. Similarly, the effect of pyraclostrobin on soil invertase had “inhibition-recovery” pattern. On 21st day, soil invertase, soil urease, and soil neutral phosphatase returned to the control level in 1 mg·kg^-1 pyraclostrobin treatment. Soil catalase was stimulated by pyraclostrobin at all concentrations, but returned to the control level on 14th day. Our results show that pyraclostrobin has to certain degree inhibitory or stimulatory effects on soil microbial respiration and enzymatic activities, but such effects could disappear after certain period of time.

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