| 李文军,彭保发,周诗彪,王亚力,陈端吕,童德保,李红专.长期施肥对洞庭湖区水稻土物理性状及团聚体中有机碳积累的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(4):761-768. |
| 长期施肥对洞庭湖区水稻土物理性状及团聚体中有机碳积累的影响 |
| Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Soil Physical Properties and Aggregate Organic Carbon Accumulation in Paddy Soils of Dongting Lake Region, China |
| 投稿时间：2014-11-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.04.022 |
| 中文关键词: 施肥 水稻土 物理性状 团聚体 有机碳 洞庭湖区 |
| 英文关键词: fertilization paddy soil physical properties soil aggregates organic carbon Dongting Lake region |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41201297, 41471114);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金(0812201239);湖南省教育厅科研项目(12C0827);湖南省科技厅计划项目(2011NK3047);湖南省重点建设学科(产业经济学, 应用化学) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于27年长期试验,采集0~20 cm和20~40 cm两土层原状土样,研究施氮磷钾化肥及配施有机肥对洞庭湖区典型水稻土物理性状及团聚体中有机碳积累的影响。结果表明:与不施肥相比,长期施肥后两土层内土壤总孔隙度、田间持水量分别提高2.6%~8.3%、-3.0%~23.5%,土壤容重则降低3.0%~11.6%,其影响效应随土层加深而减弱,在0~20 cm土层均达显著水平(P<0.05)。长期施肥后粒径>5 mm具不良孔性的团块结构数量明显减少,两土层中0.5~2 mm和2~5 mm大团粒结构体比例则较不施肥处理分别显著提高57.3%~94.3%和25.8%~103.8%(P<0.05),土壤物理结构得以改善。随粒径减小,团聚体中有机碳含量和储量分别呈现逐渐增加和降低的变化趋势,长期施肥均显著提高两土层特别是0~20 cm层土壤及各级团聚体中有机碳含量(P<0.05)。施肥主要影响且显著提升粒径<5 mm特别是0.5~2 mm和2~5 mm团聚体中有机碳储量。研究表明,氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥改善土壤物理性状和增强团聚体固碳能力的效应较氮磷钾化肥单施更为突出,且随有机肥施用比例增加,其效应愈趋明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soil physical properties and organic carbon are important indexes of soil quality, which are sensitive to fertilization practices. Based on a 27-year fertilization experiment on paddy field in Dongting Lake region, China, the responses of soil physical properties and dry sieved aggregate-associated organic carbon to applications of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) mineral fertilizers with or without organic manure were studied at 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers. Compared to long-term unfertilized treatments, the soil total porosity and field moisture capacity in the two soil layers under fertilizer application increased by 2.6%~8.3% and -3.0%~23.5%, respectively, while the soil bulk density decreased by 3.0%~11.6%,which were significant(P<0.05) at 0~20 cm layer but not at 20~40 cm layer. The amount of soil aggregates in the >5 mm group decreased after long-term fertilization, while the proportions of aggregates in 2~5 mm and 0.5~2 mm groups increased significantly(P<0.05) by 57.3%~94.3% and 25.8%~103.8%, respectively, in two soil layers. These meant that the physical structure of paddy soil was improved by long-term fertilization. Along with aggregates size decreasing, the contents of aggregates-associated organic carbon increased, but storages presented an opposite trend. Both mineral and organic fertilizers applications significantly(P<0.05) increased the organic carbon contents in various size classes of aggregates, but such effects decreased with increasing soil depths. Organic carbon storages in the <5 mm aggregates in two soil layers were significantly higher in all fertilization treatments(P<0.05)than those of no fertilizer treatment, but the storages of aggregates-associated organic carbon in the 2~5 mm and 0.5~2 mm aggregates were more sensitive to long-term fertilization than in others. It can be concluded that the improvements of soil quality varied with different fertilization modes. Combined application of N, P, K fertilizers and organic manure was better than balanced application of N, P, K fertilizers in improving soil physical properties and enhancing carbon sequestration in aggregates. With increasing rates of manure applications, the improvement of soil quality would become more distinct. |
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