| 刘柿良,杨容孑,马明东,蒋潘,赵燕.土壤镉胁迫对龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(2):240-247. |
| 土壤镉胁迫对龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)幼苗生长及生理特性的影响 |
| Effects of Soil Cadmium on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Solanum nigrum L. Plants |
| 投稿时间：2014-08-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.02.006 |
| 中文关键词: 龙葵 镉 氮、磷、钾 ATP 酶活性 质膜过氧化 叶绿素 |
| 英文关键词: Solanum nigrum cadmium N, P, K ATPase activity lipid peroxidation chlorophyll |
| 基金项目:四川农业大学创新团队计划项目(00370501) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用盆栽试验研究了不同浓度Cd(0、10、20、40、80、160 mg·kg-1)处理下,龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)幼苗对氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)吸收及质膜ATPase活性的影响.结果表明, 土壤添加Cd浓度≤40 mg·kg-1时显着促进龙葵幼苗生长及生物量的积累与分配,添加Cd浓度>40 mg·kg-1时抑制作用加强;叶绿素含量随Cd添加浓度的增大而下降, 在较低浓度Cd(10 mg·kg-1)处理时,显着提高叶绿素含量.随Cd添加浓度的增加, 根、茎、叶和果实中的全N、全P和全K含量先升后降(除茎全P降低外);叶片中的Cd积累量最高, 茎次之, 果实中最低;丙二醛含量与过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增大, 但超氧化物歧化酶(POD)活性先升后降;幼苗地上(茎与叶)和地下(根)部H+-ATP以及地下部Ca2+-ATP酶活性随Cd添加浓度的增加不断降低, 而地上部Ca2+-ATP酶活性则先升后降.这些结果表明, 龙葵在高Cd胁迫(≥40 mg·kg-1)下, 能通过加快根系对Cd离子积累来提高抗氧化酶(CAT和SOD)活性、降低POD与质膜ATP酶活性、改变对N、P 和K的吸收, 从而起到对Cd胁迫的解毒作用. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Solanum nigrum L. has been discovered to be a Cd hyperaccumulating species, and is therefore used for phytomining and phytoextracting Cd contaminated soils. In this work, the effects of cadmium on nutrients [nitrogen(N), Phosphorus(P) and potassium(K)] absorption and plasma membrane ATP activity in S. nigrum were investigated in a soil culture experiment. Results showed that lower Cd treatments(≤40 mg·kg-1) enhanced plant growth and biomass accumulation, whereas higher Cd(>40 mg·kg-1) inhibited plant growth. Leaf chlorophyll a(Chla), chlorophyll b(Chlb) and total chlorophyll(Chl) contents were increased by 10 mg Cd·kg-1, but decreased at higher Cd doses. With increasing Cd rates, the contents of N, P and K in roots, stems, leaves and fruits firstly increased and then decreased, except P in the stem, while the Cd accumulation in root, stem, leaf and fruit kept increasing, with leaf > stem > root > fruit. In addition, the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activities of catalase(CAT) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) increased with increasing Cd doses, while peroxidase(POD) activity showed a upside down "V" trend. However, shoot(leaf plus stem) and root H+-ATPase activities and root Ca2+-ATPase activity decreased, but the activity of shoot Ca2+-ATPase firstly increased and then decreased as Cd rates increased. Results obtained in this study suggest that S. nigrum plants may tolerate high Cd(≥40 mg·kg-1) through accelerating the accumulation of Cd ions in root, improving antioxidant enzymes(CAT and SOD) activity, decreasing POD and plasma membrane ATP activity, and enhancing N, P, and K absorption. |
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