| 张路,张锡洲,李廷轩,余海英,戢林.Cd胁迫对水稻亲本材料Cd吸收分配的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(12):2288-2295. |
| Cd胁迫对水稻亲本材料Cd吸收分配的影响 |
| Effects of Cadmium Stress on Uptake and Distribution of Cadmium in Different Rice Varieties |
| 投稿时间：2014-06-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.12.002 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 Cd安全亲本材料 吸收 转运 亚细胞分布 |
| 英文关键词: rice Cd pollution-safe plant uptake translocation subcellular distribution |
| 基金项目:四川省科技支撑计划(2013NZ0044);四川省科技支撑计划(2014NZ0008);四川省教育厅项目(14ZB0017);四川农业大学"211工程"双支计划项目资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用土培试验,以前期筛选出的水稻Cd安全亲本材料D62B为试验材料,以普通材料Luhui17为对照,研究不同生育期水稻Cd安全亲本材料在1、4、16 mg·kg-1 Cd处理浓度下对Cd的吸收、分配及转运特征.结果表明:(1)在不同Cd处理浓度下,水稻Cd安全亲本材料D62B生长受到了一定程度的抑制,且随Cd处理浓度的提高生物量均显著降低.当Cd处理浓度为16 mg·kg-1时,D62B在分蘖期、抽穗期和成熟期的生物量分别较1 mg·kg-1 Cd处理降低了52.05%、43.06%和32.34%.(2)D62B地上部Cd含量和转移系数在不同生育期均显著低于Luhui17,成熟期谷壳、糙米Cd含量也较低.当Cd处理浓度为1 mg·kg-1和4 mg·kg-1时,D62B的糙米Cd含量均低于食品安全国家标准0.2 mg·kg-1,表现出Cd安全亲本材料的"安全性".(3)随Cd处理浓度的提高,D62B对Cd的吸收速率显著增加,且在分蘖期其吸收速率达到最大.在各处理下,D62B对Cd的吸收速率与Luhui17差异不显著.但D62B对Cd的转运速率在4 mg·kg-1和16 mg·kg-1 Cd处理下则显著低于Luhui17,成熟期差异达到最大,分别为Luhui17的46.52%和66.68%.(4)D62B地上部Cd的亚细胞分布表现为细胞壁>可溶部分>细胞器,Luhui17为可溶部分>细胞壁>细胞器,地下部则均表现为可溶部分>细胞壁>细胞器.随Cd处理浓度的增加,Luhui17地下部细胞壁的分配比例显著降低,在16 mg·kg-1 Cd处理浓度下,Luhui17细胞壁的分配比例显著低于D62B.综上所述,最终表现出D62B具有籽粒Cd低积累的特点,可为培育Cd安全水稻品种提供优良的种质资源. |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is important to minimize the influx of cadmium(Cd) to the human food chain. Here the characteristics of uptake and distribution of Cd in a pollution-safe rice variety were studied in a pot experiment to provide Cd safety rice germplasm resources. Cadmium pollution-safe rice variety was D62B, and common variety Luhui17 as the control. Cadmium concentrations used were 1 mg·kg-1, 4 mg·kg-1, and 16 mg·kg-1. Compared with Luhui 17, D62B growth was inhibited to some extent at all Cd levels. The biomass of D62B significantly decreased with increasing Cd concentrations. The Cd concentrations in shoot and translation coefficient of D62B were significantly lower than those of Luhui17 during the growth periods. At mature stage, the Cd concentrations in brown rice and chaff were also significantly lower than those of Luhui17. At 1 mg Cd·kg-1 and 4 mg Cd ·kg-1, the Cd concentrations in brown rice of D62B were lower than the National Food Safety Standards(0.2 mg·kg-1). The rates of Cd uptake by D62B were the greatest at tillering stage, and increased as Cd concentrations increased. The Cd translocation rate of D62B was significantly lower than that of Luhui17 at 4 mg·kg-1 and 16 mg·kg-1. At mature stage, the Cd translocation of D62B was only 46.52% and 66.68% of that of Luhui17 at 4 mg·kg-1 and 16 mg·kg-1. Cadmium absorbed by D62B accumulated about 44%～49% in cell walls and about 37% in soluble fraction, and the lowest in cellular organelles, while more than 48% of Cd in Luhui17 was localized in soluble fraction. In roots, majority of Cd was located in soluble fraction and cell walls, but percentages of Cd in cell wall was significantly lower in Luhui 17 than D62B at 16 mg·Cd kg-1. In conclusion, Cd pollution-safe rice variety D62B has low accumulation of Cd in brown rice, and could be considered as Cd safety rice germplasm resources for Cd-polluted farmlands. |
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