| 王海候,沈明星,凃荣文,严慧霞,陆长婴,施林林,周新伟.生物质炭对伊乐藻堆肥过程氨挥发的作用效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2266-2272. |
| 生物质炭对伊乐藻堆肥过程氨挥发的作用效应研究 |
| Effects of Biochar on Ammonia Volatilization During Elodea Nuttallii Composting |
| 投稿时间：2014-04-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.11.028 |
| 中文关键词: 生物质炭 伊乐藻 堆肥 氨挥发 |
| 英文关键词: biochar Elodea nuttallii compost ammonia volatilization |
| 基金项目:国家科技部支撑计划专题(2012BAD14B12-03);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2013334);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(12)3039);苏州市科技支撑项目(SNG201350) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王海候 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | | | 沈明星 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | smxwwj@163.com | | 凃荣文 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | | | 严慧霞 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | | | 陆长婴 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | | | 施林林 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | | | 周新伟 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所, 农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站, 江苏 苏州 215155 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对水生植物堆肥过程中氮素损失严重的现状,探讨以生物质炭为添加剂的堆肥体氨挥发控制技术,以伊乐藻和稻草为供试材料,采用静态高温好氧堆肥的方法,在生物质炭不同添加比例条件下,监测了伊乐藻与稻草混合堆置过程中氨挥发及其影响因素的变化动态。结果表明:整个堆肥过程中,氨累积挥发量与生物质炭添加比例关系密切(P<0.01),与不添加生物质炭的常规对照处理相比,添加比例为5%、10%的处理增加了氨的累积挥发量,而添加比例为15%、20%的处理降低了氨的累积挥发量;不同堆肥时间段,生物质炭不同添加比例处理0~3 d的氨累积挥发量均大于对照,4~6 d的氨累积挥发量,除添加比例5%处理外,均小于对照;伊乐藻堆肥体的氨挥发速率与堆温、铵态氮含量具有显著的偏相关性,其偏相关性均达到P<0.05 的显著水平;增加生物质炭添加比例,不仅提高了堆肥温度,对堆肥体的氨挥发损失具有负向的促进作用,同时也降低了堆肥体的铵态氮含量,对堆肥体的氨挥发损失具有正向的抑制作用,生物质炭对伊乐藻堆肥体氮素的氨挥发损失具有促进与抑制双重性的作用效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aquatic plants used in control of water eutrophification are rich in nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), potassium(K), and micronutrients, and can be used as good organic fertilizer after composting. However, composting process often causes losses of N through ammonia(NH3) volatilization. Biochar has been shown to act as an absorber of NH3 and water-soluble NH4+ and might therefore reduce losses of N during composting of aquatic plants. Here a composting experiment with aquatic plants and rice straw was carried out under static pile composting with natural ventilation to study the effect of biochar at varying rates on NH3 volatilization reduction and influencing factors. Biochar addition significantly affected accumulated NH3 volatilization(P<0.01). Compared to the CK(no biochar addition), NH3 volatilization was increased by biochar at 5% and 10%, but decreased by biochar at 15% and 20%. During the first three days of composting, amount of NH3 volatilization was higher in biochar addition than in the CK, while during 4~6 days of composting, NH3 volatilization was lower in biochar than in the CK. A significant partial correlation existed between NH3 volatilization rates and compost temperature & ammonium nitrogen(P<0.05). These results show that biochar has two way effects on NH3 volatilization during composting aquatic plants by either decreasing NH3 volatilization through enhancing NH4+ adsorption, or increasing NH3 volatilization via raising the reactor temperature during composting. |
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