| 刘婷婷,郑欣,闫振广,刘征涛.水生态基准大型水生植物受试生物筛选[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2204-2212. |
| 水生态基准大型水生植物受试生物筛选 |
| Screening of Native Aquatic Macrophytes for Establishing Aquatic Life Criteria |
| 投稿时间：2014-04-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.11.019 |
| 中文关键词: 大型水生植物 水质基准 受试生物 物种敏感度分布 污染物 |
| 英文关键词: aquatic macrophytes aquatic life criteria test organisms species sensitivity distribution pollutants |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003-06);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2014FY120600) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为完善保护我国淡水生物的水质基准,从44种国内主要水生植物中筛选了浮萍、紫萍、槐叶苹、金鱼藻、穗状狐尾藻、黑藻、菹草和篦齿眼子菜8种代表性本土大型水生植物,进而参照美国水质基准数据筛选原则,从ECOTOX等数据库中搜集相关毒性数据,通过数据分析筛选出对大型水生植物毒性最大的3种重金属污染物和12种除草剂污染物。这15种污染物的物种敏感度分布分析显示,7种大型水生植物对污染物表现出高敏感性(累积概率<15%),其中:浮萍对铊和利谷隆的累积概率分别为4.3% 和6.4%,紫萍对百草枯和甲磺隆的累积概率分别为7.8% 和11.5%,槐叶苹对2,4-滴二甲胺盐和异丙甲草胺的累积概率分别为8.5% 和14.8%, 篦齿眼子菜对2,4-滴、 利谷隆和异丙甲草胺的累积概率分别为1.2%、2.1% 和1.9%,菹草对2,4-滴和甲磺隆的累积概率分别为10.8% 和7.7%,黑藻对苄嘧磺隆和氟啶酮的累积概率分别为12.5% 和7.4%,金鱼藻对利谷隆、氯化铜和异丙甲草胺的累积概率分别为8.5%、7.4% 和11.1%。这7种大型水生植物可作为相关污染物水质基准研究的受试生物。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Screening of sensitive test aquatic organisms is critical to water quality criteria for aquatic life. Aquatic macrophytes are one of the most important objects for water quality criteria. In the present study, eight native aquatic macrophytes, Lemna minor, Spirodela polyrrhiza, Salvinia natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton crispus, and Potamogeton pectinatus, were obtained based on their geographical locations, availability of toxicity data, and economical and ecological significance. According to the USEPA principles for aquatic life criteria, top 15 pollutants(3 heavy metals and 12 herbicides) were ranked per their toxicities to aquatic macrophytes from the ECOTOX database. Seven aquatic macrophytes showed high sensitivities to pollutants(the cumulative probability was less than 15%). The cumulative probability of Lemna minor to thallium and Linuron was 4.3% and 6.4%; that of Spirodela polyrhiza to paraquat and metsulfuron methyl 7.8% and 11.5%; that of Salvinia natans to N-Methylmethanamine and metolachlor 8.5% and 14.8%; that of Potamogeton pectinatus to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, linuron and metolachlor 1.2%, 2.1% and 1.9%; that of Potamogeton crispus to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and metsulfuron methyl 10.8% and 7.7%; that of Hydrilla verticillata to bensulfuron methyl and fluridone 12.5% and 7.4%; and that of Ceratophyllum demersum to linuron, copper chloride and metolachlor 8.5%, 7.4% and 11.1%, respectively. These species could be used as test organisms for development of water quality criteria. |
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