| .基于实测资料的输出系数分析与陕西沣河流域非点源负荷来源探讨[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(4):. |
| 基于实测资料的输出系数分析与陕西沣河流域非点源负荷来源探讨 |
| Analysis on Export Coefficients Based on Measured Data and Study on the Sources of Non-point Load for Fenghe River Watershed in Shaanxi Province， China |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.04.025 |
| 中文关键词: 非点源污染 输出系数法 实测数据 负荷来源 沣河流域 |
| 英文关键词: non-point pollution export coefficient model measured data load sources Fenghe River watershed |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据2001—2009年秦渡镇水文监测断面的监测数据，应用平均浓度法计算NH+4-N、TP和COD的非点源污染负荷量，并与改进的输出系数法估算结果进行对比分析，确定适合该流域的输出系数。将考虑流域输移损失的输出系数得到的非点源污染负荷与基于实测资料的平均浓度法计算结果进行对比可知，相对误差较小，表明各类营养源的输出系数值与流域损失系数值适合沣河流域。应用考虑流域输移损失的输出系数法的负荷计算结果分析了流域内污染物的来源，结果表明：近十年来，耕地和农业人口的贡献最大，其中耕地对沣河流域TN、NH+4-N和TP非点源负荷的贡献率分别占到37.87%、37.74%、15.56%，且呈现上升趋势；农业人口对TN、NH+4-N、TP和COD非点源负荷的贡献率分别是40.73%、41.06%、61.19%、21.98%，且呈现上升趋势；牲畜（包括牛、驴、猪、羊等）对COD非点源负荷的年均贡献率为73.49%。由此可见，控制耕地、农业人口以及大牲畜所产生的污染负荷可以有效削减非点源污染。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The suitable export coefficients of NH+4-N, TP and COD for Fenghe River watershed in Shaanxi Province were determined by comparing the load given by improved export coefficient model with that calculated by the mean concentration method based on measured data at Qinduzhen section from 2001 to 2009. The results showed that the export coefficient model considering the transport lose in watershed had low relative error, less than 15% for COD load, 13% for TP and 14% for NH+4-N load. That was to say, the given values of the export coefficients and transport lose parameter were suitable for this watershed. The sources of the non-point pollution in Fenghe River watershed were analyzed with export coefficient model considering the transport lose, and it could be concluded that the domestic pollution of local people and cultivated land has great contribution to non-point pollution, and there was an roughly increasing trend in the last ten years. In detail, the cultivated land accounted for 37.87%, 37.74% and 15.56% of non-point TN, NH+4-N and TP load in this watershed respectively, and domestic pollution contributed 40.73%, 41.06%, 61.19% and 21.98% to non-point TN, NH+4-N, TP and COD load respectively. In addition, Livestock breeding produced the non-point load for COD as high as 73.49%. Therefore, the control and management of pollution from cultivated land, domestic sewage and livestock breeding could effectively reduce the output of non-point source load in this watershed. |
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