| .松花江上游金矿开采区河流水体和沉积物中汞的污染特征及风险评估[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):. |
| 松花江上游金矿开采区河流水体和沉积物中汞的污染特征及风险评估 |
| Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Mercury Pollution in the River Water and Sediment of the Songhua River Upstream Gold Mining Area |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.03.031 |
| 中文关键词: 金矿开采区 总汞 甲基汞 水 沉积物 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词: gold mining area total mercury methylmercury surface water sediment risk assessment |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2275 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过采集松花江上游夹皮沟金矿开采区附近河流的水和沉积物样品，研究了因金矿开采带来的汞和甲基汞污染的分布特征和规律。结果表明：该区域河流水中总汞含量的分布规律表现为河流上游高于下游，尤其是有金矿的河流，随距金矿距离加大而汞含量降低；沉积物却相反，距开采区距离较远的采样点呈现较高的总汞含量。水中汞和甲基汞含量的最高值均出现在夹皮沟河段，分别为0.86 μg·kg-1和4.14 ng·L-1；沉积物中汞和甲基汞含量的最高值出现在老金厂和二道沟河段，分别为9.00 mg·kg-1和4.02 μg·kg-1。应用单因子指数法对水中汞和甲基汞污染进行评估可知：22.22%的河段呈现汞的重度污染，其余为中度污染，甲基汞均为重度污染；地累积指数法与潜在生态风险系数评价方法显示沉积物中的汞污染非常严重，存在很高的环境风险和生态风险，应引起人们的高度重视。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The distribution characteristic of mercury pollution caused by gold mining and transformation rules of mercury and methylmercury were studied through collecting water and sediment samples of the river near the Jiapigou goldfield located in the upper reaches of the Songhua River. The results show that total mercury content of the upstream river water is higher than the downstream river water, in particular, the mercury content reduces with increasing distance from the mining area when the river is near gold mine. However, in the sediment, the higher total mercury content is found in the lower reaches of the river and upper stream samples show lower total mercury content. Both of the highest total mercury content and methylmercury content of water samples are detected in the jiapigou river section, which is 0.86 μg·L-1 and 4.14 ng·L-1 respectively. The highest total mercury content of sediment samples is detected in the laojinchang river section, and the highest methylmercury content of sediment samples is detected in the erdaogou river section, which is 9.00 mg·kg-1 and 4.02 μg·kg-1 respectively. The results of mercury and methylmercury assessment show that severe mercury pollution is found in 22.22% of the river water and moderate mercury pollution is found in the else river section, and methylmercury pollution is severe in whole river water based on single factor index method. It can be found that the mercury pollution in the river sediment is very serious based on the geo-accumulation pollution index method and the potential ecological risk assessment method. The pollution situation is high environmental risk and ecological risk, it should be paid high attention by people. |
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